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John Campbell, 2nd Marquess of Breadalbane

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The Most Honourable
The Marquess of Breadalbane
KT PC FRS FSA
The Marquess of Breadalbane
by Sir George Hayter, 1834.[citation needed]
Lord Chamberlain of the Household
In office
5 September 1848 – 21 February 1852
MonarchVictoria
Prime MinisterLord John Russell
Preceded byThe Earl Spencer
Succeeded byThe Marquess of Exeter
In office
15 January 1853 – 21 February 1858
MonarchVictoria
Prime MinisterThe Earl of Aberdeen
The Viscount Palmerston
Preceded byThe Marquess of Exeter
Succeeded byThe Earl De La Warr
Personal details
Born26 October 1796 (1796-10-26)
Dundee, Angus, Scotland
Died8 November 1862 (1862-11-09) (aged 66)
Lausanne, Switzerland
Political partyLiberal
Spouse
Lady Elizabeth "Eliza" Baillie
​
​
(m. 1821; died 1861)​

John Campbell, 2nd Marquess of Breadalbane, KT, PC, FRS, FSA (26 October 1796 – 8 November 1862), styled Lord Glenorchy until 1831 and as Earl of Ormelie from 1831 to 1834, was a Scottish nobleman and Liberal politician.[1]

Background and education

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John Campbell, 5th Earl and 2nd Marquess of Breadalbane, by Firmin Massot

Born at Dundee, Angus, Breadalbane was the son of Lieutenant-General John Campbell, 1st Marquess of Breadalbane, and Mary, daughter of David Gavin. He was educated at Eton.

A bust of John Campbell made by Bertel Thorvaldsen, though it is not confirmed that it is John Campbell

Political career

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Portrait of John Campbell by George Hayter for the painting of The First Meeting of the Reformed House of Parliament in 1833

Breadalbane sat as Member of Parliament for Okehampton from 1820 to 1826[2] and for Perthshire from 1832 to 1834.[3] The latter year he succeeded his father as second Marquess of Breadalbane and entered the House of Lords. In 1848 he was sworn of the Privy Council[4] and appointed Lord Chamberlain of the Household[5] by Lord John Russell, a post he held until the government fell in 1852.[6] He held the same office under Lord Aberdeen between 1853[7] and 1855 and under Lord Palmerston between 1855 and 1858.[8]

Other public appointments

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A freemason, Breadalbane was Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Scotland between 1824 and 1826. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1834[9] and made a Knight of the Thistle in 1838.[10] The following year he was appointed Lord Lieutenant of Argyllshire (and Colonel of the Argyll and Bute Militia),[11] a post he held until his death.[12] In 1842 he entertained Queen Victoria and the Prince Consort at Taymouth Castle.

He was a supporter of the Free Church of Scotland during the Disruption of 1843.[13]

Breadalbane was also Rector of the University of Glasgow between 1840 and 1842[13] and of Marischal College, Aberdeen, between 1843 and 1845, President of the Society of Antiquaries between 1844 and 1862 and Governor of the Bank of Scotland between 1861 and 1862. In 1861 he was sent on a special diplomatic mission to Berlin for the investiture of King William I in the Order of the Garter.[14] He was appointed a Knight of the Order of the Black Eagle of Prussia at the same time.

Personal life

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Lord Breadalbane married Elizabeth Baillie ("Eliza") (born 29 June 1803, daughter of George Baillie and his wife Mary - daughter of Sir James Pringle - and sister of George Baillie-Hamilton, 10th Earl of Haddington) on 29 June 1821. They had no children. She was a Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Victoria from January to July 1839. She died in Park Lane, London, on 28 August 1861, aged 58.[15] Lord Breadalbane survived her by just over a year and died at Lausanne, Switzerland, on 8 November 1862, aged 66. On his death the barony of Breadalbane, earldom of Ormelie and marquessate of Breadalbane became extinct. He was succeeded in the lordship of Glenorchy, viscountcy of Tay and Paintland and earldom of Breadalbane and Holland by his distant relative and namesake, John Campbell. The marquessate was revived in favour of the latter's son in 1885.

Lord Breadalbane's sister Mary Campbell married Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos in 1819, with Richard inheriting the Dukedom in 1839. Breadalbane's and Mary's father the 1st Marquess was a trustee of a marriage settlement made for the union at the time of the wedding.

Included in the settlement, was an interest in the Hope Plantation in St. Andrew, Jamaica, which had come down from Anne the Duchess of Chandos,[16] the wife of the 3rd Duke of Chandos from the previous century. In the aftermath of the Slavery Abolition Act 1833 with the Slave Compensation Act 1837, Mary's father-in-law, the 1st Duke of Buckingham and Chandos made a claim for compensation, "T71/865 St Andrew claim no. 114", comprising 379 slaves in Jamaica. The claim was denied, as the ownership was determined to be part of the marriage settlement, but a £6,630 payment was awarded to the 1st Marquess of Breadalbane and Hon. George Neville Grenville as joint Trustees,[17] at the time (worth £794,766 in 2024[18]).[19] However, the papers note that the 1st Marquess had passed away in 1834, two years before the award was made, and so it is concluded that the 2nd Marquess was the awardee, though it is possible that the identity of the trustee was confused.[20] However executed, the beneficiary of the payment was the 2nd Marquess' nephew, the 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, when the latter came into his inheritance.

References

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Citations

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  1. ^ "Campbell, John (1796-1862)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  2. ^ "leighrayment.com House of Commons: Ochil to Oxford University". Archived from the original on 16 August 2011. Retrieved 28 October 2009.
  3. ^ "leighrayment.com House of Commons: Paddington to Platting". Archived from the original on 31 December 2010. Retrieved 28 October 2009.
  4. ^ "No. 20895". The London Gazette. 8 September 1848. p. 3312.
  5. ^ "No. 20894". The London Gazette. 5 September 1848. p. 3275.
  6. ^ "No. 21297". The London Gazette. 2 March 1852. p. 670.
  7. ^ "No. 21403". The London Gazette. 18 January 1853. p. 137.
  8. ^ "No. 22106". The London Gazette. 2 March 1858. p. 1207.
  9. ^ royalsociety.org Campbell; John (1796–1862); 2nd Marquess of Breadalbane
  10. ^ leighrayment.com Knights of the Thistle[usurped]
  11. ^ "No. 19801". The London Gazette. 6 December 1839. p. 2564.
  12. ^ leighrayment.com Peerage: Bradwell to Broxmouth[usurped]
  13. ^ a b universitystory.gla.ac Biography of John Campbell 2nd Marquess of Breadalbane
  14. ^ "No. 22489". The London Gazette. 14 March 1861. p. 1193.
  15. ^ George E. Cokayne; Howard de Walden; Thomas Evelyn Scott-Elis; Duncan Warrand; Vicary Gibbs; H. Arthur Doubleday; Geoffrey H. White (1912). The complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom : extant, extinct, or dormant. Vol. 2. The St. Catherine Press.
  16. ^ "Hope Estate Jamaica, St Andrew - ESTATE DETAILS - Associated People". University College London. Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  17. ^ "Jamaica St Andrew 114 (Hope Estate) Claim Details, Associated Individuals and Estates 25th Jul 1836". University College London. Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery. Retrieved 2 June 2022.
  18. ^ UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
  19. ^ "John Campbell, 2nd Marquis of Breadalbane". University College London. Retrieved on 20 March 2019.
  20. ^ "John Campbell, 2nd Marquis of Breadalbane Profile & Legacies Summary". University College London. Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery. Retrieved 2 June 2022.

Sources

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Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Okehampton
1820–1826
With: The Lord Dunalley 1819–24
William Trant 1824–26 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Perthshire
1832–1834 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Lord Chamberlain of the Household
1848–1852 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Lord Chamberlain of the Household
1853–1858 		Succeeded by
Masonic offices
Preceded by Grand Master of the
Grand Lodge of Scotland
1824–1826 		Succeeded by
Honorary titles
Preceded by Lord Lieutenant of Argyllshire
1839–1862 		Succeeded by
Academic offices
Preceded by Rector of the University of Glasgow
1840—1842 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Rector of Marischal College, Aberdeen
1843–1845 		Succeeded by
Peerage of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Marquess of Breadalbane
1834–1862 		Extinct
Peerage of Scotland
Preceded by Earl of Breadalbane
1834–1862 		Succeeded by
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